Nature Wins Breathe-Free (90 Count)

Ingredient #1: Beta Carotene

Beta-carotene and lung cancer: a case study

• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916522044598?via%3Dihub
• More than 30 case-control and cohort studies were conducted over many years in various populations and indicated that people who eat more vegetables and fruit, foods rich in carotenoids, and carotenoids (beta-carotene in particular), as well as those with higher blood beta-carotene concentrations, have a lower risk of lung cancer than those who eat fewer such foods or have lower beta-carotene concentrations.
• The findings require that caution be exercised in recommending supplemental beta-carotene, particularly for smokers, and argue against changing the vegetable-fruit recommendations in the direction of greater nutrient specificity

β-Carotene Supplementation and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

• https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/6/1284
• We conducted literature searches across eight databases and screened the publications from January 1900 to March 2022 on the topic of β-carotene treatments and cardiovascular outcomes.
• There were 10 trials and 16 reports included in the meta-analysis with a total of 182,788 individuals enrolled in the study
• Results from the random-effects models indicated that β-carotene supplementation slightly increased overall cardiovascular incidence (RR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) and was constantly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality (RR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.19).
• Subgroup analyses suggested that, when β-carotene treatments were given singly, a higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes was observed (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.12).

Ingredient #2: Retinyl Palmitate

Vitamin A and Retinoid Derivatives for Lung Cancer

• https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0021107#pone.0021107-Smith2
• Sixty-seven preclinical studies of retinoids in lung cancer models were included for analysis. These studies were included in order to more clearly establish the biological rationale for retinoid use in lung cancers.
• Of the 67 studies, 54 showed results in favour of the retinoids tested, four showed mixed results, seven showed no effect, and two showed negative effects. Amongst the positive preclinical findings, the following anticancer effects were identified and synthesized: inhibition of growth and proliferation (n = 33 occurrences), proapoptotic (n = 15), chemopreventive (n = 14), anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic, or anti-invasive (n = 7), lung cancer specific cytotoxicity (n = 3).
• Conversely, one study suggested a co-carcinogenic activity for supplemental retinyl palmitate when combined with 20-methylcholanthrene (20-MCA) and one study showed a potential pro-angiogenic effect with increased VEGF levels

Ingredient #3: Vitamin C

Vitamin C: An Essential Nutrient for Good Lung and Respiratory Health

• https://www.apollo247.com/blog/article/vitamin-c-essential-nutrient-good-lung-and-respiratory-health
• In this study, scientists from the University of Nottingham conducted a study on more than 2600 men and women (between the ages of 18 to 70 years) by testing their pulmonary function with the help of a test called forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1).
• the scientists found that those with a high dietary intake of vitamin C and magnesium had healthier lungs as they showed higher FEV1 scores. They further found that these people showed less decline in their lung function over time.
• In this meta-analysis, scientists found that people who consumed 0.5 to 2 grams of vitamin C per day showed a 48% less decline in their FEV1 score post-exercise than those who did not
• The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of vitamin C for adults aged 19 years and above is 90 milligrams (mg) per day for men and 75 milligrams (mg) for women. The requirement for vitamin C increases in women during pregnancy and lactation to 85 mg and 120 mg per day, respectively. Furthermore, smokers may require an additional 35 mg of vitamin C as smoking tends to deplete the levels of this nutrient in the body.

Vitamin C Shows Direct Benefit in Lung Function

• https://www.clinicaleducation.org/resources/abstracts/vitamin-c-shows-direct-benefit-in-lung-function/
• A 2014 meta-analysis of nine studies on vitamin C for lung health (specifically exercise-induced bronchoconstriction or EIB) showed a positive correlation between vitamin C and lung health
• The test to determine exercise-induced bronchoconstriction evaluates “forced expiratory volume” (FEV1), measuring the amount of air the lungs can exhale. When the FEV1 is decreased by 10% or more, it is determined to qualify as bronchoconstriction.
• In this review it was found that vitamin C doses as modest as 200 mg daily (and up to 1,500 mg) consistently reduced the decline of FEV1 and supported healthy breathing.
• The scientists reviewing the studies concluded that vitamin C supplementation is worth exploring for physically-active people to support healthy lung function in situations where they have EIB or for general lung improvement – albeit that this benefit has yet to be established.

Long-term use of Vitamin-C in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Early pilot observation

• https://journals.lww.com/lungindia/Fulltext/2021/09000/Long_term_use_of_Vitamin_C_in_chronic_obstructive.21.aspx
• Protects against p-BQ is ascorbic acid (Vitamin C), a well-known antioxidant. It is observed that pretreatment of the guinea pigs with Vitamin C can prevent the p-BQ induced emphysema.
• Since guinea pigs, such as human beings, are devoid of the enzymes to produce Vitamin C in their body and depend on dietary supplementation of the Vitamin, the prevention of p-BQ induced emphysema with Vitamin C raises the possibility of the same prospect in human beings too.
• The preventive dose of Vitamin C (30 mg Vitamin C/kg body weight) in guineapigs may be effective in human beings also. p BQ induced continued oxidative damage may be active in the progression of COPD in humans and the treatment with a high dose of Vitamin C may help the natural course of COPD.
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8509159/table/T1/?report=objectonly
• therefore, decided to test the role of long-term high dose Vitamin C (2 g/day, 500 mg four times orally) in a small cohort of our COPD patients (n = 26) who were randomized to receive either a standard COPD therapy or the same with add-on high dose Vitamin C. They were followed up longitudinally every 3 months for 6 months with spirometry and clinical examination with intermittent telephonic enquiry to ensure compliance. The basic demographic data of these patients are summarized in the table above. It has been found that on longitudinal follow-up there is hardly any difference in lung function. However, at 6 months, there is a drop in exacerbation rate in patients receiving add-on Vitamin C. Exacerbation rates were found to be higher (odds ratio 5.26 [2.44–11.31], P value < 0.0001) in standard therapy alone.

Efficacy of Vitamin C Supplementation on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

• https://www.dovepress.com/efficacy-of-vitamin-c-supplementation-on-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-COPD
• A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of vitamin C on lung function, antioxidant levels, and nutritional conditions in COPD patients by using Review Manager
• Ten RCTs including 487 participants were eligible for our study. Meta-analysis results showed that vitamin C supplementation (≥ 400 mg/day) can significantly improve the forced expiratory volume in one second as a percentage (FEV1%) in COPD (SMD:1.08, 95% CI:0.03, 2.12, P=0.04).
• Moreover, vitamin C supplementation significantly improved the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) (WMD:0.66, 95% CI: 0.26, 1.06, P=0.001), vitamin C level in serum (SMD:0.63, 95% CI: 0.02, 1.24, P=0.04) and glutathione (GSH) level in serum (SMD:2.47, 95% CI: 1.06, 3.89, P=0.0006).
• Vitamin C supplementation could increase the levels of antioxidation in serum (vitamin C and GSH) and improve lung function (FEV1% and FEV1/FVC), especially in patients treated with vitamin C supplementation greater than 400 mg/day

Ingredient #4: Raw lung Concentrate

• Rich in nutrients: Organ meats like lung are rich in nutrients such as vitamins A, B12, and D, as well as minerals like iron, zinc, and selenium.
• Source of protein: Lung meat is also a good source of protein, which is important for building and repairing muscles and tissues in the body.
• May improve respiratory function: As lung is a respiratory organ, it may contain compounds that support respiratory health and function.
• May boost immune system: Organ meats like lung are also rich in immune-supporting nutrients such as vitamin A and zinc.
• May support overall health: Some people believe that consuming organ meats can support overall health and wellness.
• Alternative source of nutrients: Consuming organ meats like lung can provide an alternative source of important nutrients for people who cannot or choose not to consume other sources like dairy or meat.
• https://intercom.help/the-dr-ardis-show/en/articles/7239831-what-are-six-key-benefits-of-supplementing-raw-lung-concentrate